> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.safefoundation.org/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.
# Risks
> Risks to consider before staking or delegating SAFE in Safenet.
The Validator commission described on this page is a proposed value, pending SafeDAO approval, and may change before Safenet Aegis launches.
Staking and delegating SAFE involve technical, operational, economic, and liquidity risks.
Before staking, consider how Validator performance, reward variability, smart-contract risk, and the withdrawal delay could affect your position.
## Protocol and smart-contract risk
Staked and delegated SAFE is held and managed through smart contracts.
Smart contracts and the broader Safenet protocol can contain defects, vulnerabilities, or unexpected behavior. A failure could affect access to staked SAFE, withdrawals, reward calculations, or other staking functionality.
The staking contract is non-upgradeable: its logic cannot be changed after deployment. It has also been independently audited, the same contract and audit used for Safenet Beta staking. See [Contracts and audits](/safenet-aegis/resources/contracts-and-audits) for audit reports and contract details.
Users should consider this risk even where contracts have been reviewed or audited.
## Validator risk
Delegator rewards depend on the Validator selected.
A Validator that participates less consistently can reduce the rewards received by both the Validator and its Delegators.
If a Validator participates in a signing ceremony for an ineligible result, its self-stake rewards, commission, and attributable Delegator rewards can be excluded for the entire reward period.
There is no direct redelegation between Validators. Moving SAFE to another Validator requires withdrawing it first and completing the 2-day withdrawal process before delegating again.
See [Rewards](/safenet-aegis/staking/rewards) for the participation and eligibility rules.
## Reward variability
Staking rewards are not guaranteed.
The amount received can vary based on:
* **Validator participation:** Higher participation above the minimum threshold increases reward weight.
* **Stake distribution:** Concentrated stake can receive lower marginal reward weight.
* **Time-weighted stake:** SAFE only contributes for the time it remains actively staked or delegated.
* **Validator commission:** Delegator rewards are subject to the Validator's fixed 5% commission when the Validator meets the applicable self-stake requirement.
* **Reward eligibility:** Validator behavior can result in rewards being excluded for a reward period.
* **Total network stake:** More or less SAFE participating in staking changes the approximate reward rate.
See [Rewards](/safenet-aegis/staking/rewards) for the complete reward calculation.
## Lock-up and liquidity risk
SAFE cannot be withdrawn instantly.
Once a withdrawal is initiated, the SAFE being withdrawn is subject to a **2-day withdrawal delay**. During this period:
* The SAFE remains locked.
* The SAFE cannot be transferred or used elsewhere.
* The SAFE does not earn staking rewards.
If a Validator is removed from the active set while a withdrawal is pending, the withdrawal proceeds normally and is not blocked by the removal.
Users should account for this delay when deciding how much SAFE to stake.
See [Lock-up and withdrawals](/safenet-aegis/staking/lock-up-and-withdrawals) for the withdrawal process.
## Slashing and reward penalties
Validator and delegated SAFE are **not currently subject to slashing**.
This means poor Validator performance or participation does not directly reduce the amount of SAFE staked.
However, Validator performance and behavior can affect rewards:
* Validators below the participation threshold and their Delegators receive no rewards for that reward period.
* Validators that participate in a signing ceremony for an ineligible result can have their self-stake rewards, commission, and attributable Delegator rewards excluded for the full reward period.
These reward consequences are separate from slashing of principal.
**Disclaimers**
Participation in Safenet staking and delegation, and any interaction with the staking contract or a staking interface, happens at your own risk and may be affected by technical issues or other factors.
Features may change, become unavailable, or behave unexpectedly, and technical issues could result in loss of access to staked SAFE or other unforeseen outcomes.
Choose a Validator and delegate SAFE.
Review Validator and Delegator rewards.
Review withdrawal timing and liquidity constraints.
Return to the Safenet staking overview.